集聚经济
经济地理学
联营
城市化
经验证据
经济
经济增长
计算机科学
认识论
哲学
人工智能
出处
期刊:Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks
[Palgrave Macmillan UK]
日期:2018-01-01
卷期号:: 14118-14122
标识
DOI:10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2838
摘要
Urban agglomeration is the spatial concentration of economic activity in cities. It can also take the form of concentration in industry clusters or in employment centres within a city. One reason that agglomeration takes place is that there exist external increasing returns, also known as agglomeration economies. Evidence indicates that there exist both urbanization economies, associated with city size, and localization economies, associated with the clustering of industry. Both effects attenuate geographically. Theoretical research has identified many sources of agglomeration economies, including labour market pooling, input sharing, and knowledge spillovers. Empirical research has offered evidence consistent with each of these.
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