Globalization and business strategies of outsourcing,cooperation,win-win accelerated the development of supply chain quickly.But meanwhile,there are also some new challenges for supply chain management: such as supply chain complexity vs.vulnerability,supply chain flexibility vs.dependence,lean supply chain vs.flexible supply chain,local optimization vs.overall equilibrium and so on.This paper analyzes those paradoxes resulting from the uncertainty in detail and aims to strengthen the supply chain and supply chain risk management awareness and attitude,as well as provides an analytic framework to study the uncertainty of supply chain systematically.