A case example of fault diagnosis of crankshaft main journal grinder is presented by using vibration diagnostic technique.The relation between vibration and mechanical failure,as well as the application of vibration diagnostic technique are introduced in the diagnosis of malfunction,including system configuration,the selections of vibration and attribute parameters parameters,the determination of measurement points and positions,as well as the analysis and fault diagnosis of vibration signal.The diagnosis conclusions have been validated,and effeciency,and economy of the bvibration diagnostic technique are indicated in equipment fault diagnosis.