Global Plastic Production, Environmental Impacts, and Sustainable Remediation Strategies: A Comprehensive Review

<p><span lang="EN-US">Plastics have become indispensable commodities in modern society, with global output topping 370 million tons per year. However, their persistence and mismanagement have resulted in serious environmental and health consequences. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of plastic manufacturing trends from 1950 to 2025, focusing on the exponential development in worldwide output and the associated increase in trash generation. The research addresses the ecological, biological, and human health effects of plastics and microplastics, using quantitative data. Various remediation options, including as mechanical and chemical recycling, biodegradation, and the development of bioplastics, are critically reviewed. Policy initiatives, circular economy models, and global sustainability frameworks are all considered. The research concludes that comprehensive global policies combining innovation, legislation, and education are critical for transitioning to a sustainable plastic economy</span></p>