Electrochemical Determination of Glucose in Human Serum Utilizing a Novel Nanocomposite Composed of Copper Nanoparticles in a Hollow Carbon Shell

A novel nanocomposite composed of copper nanoparticles encapsulated in a hollow carbon shell was prepared. The thin, porous carbon shell ensured efficient mass and electron transport and provided a confined environment for electrochemical reactions. The Cu@C nanocomposite exhibited favorable electrocatalytic activity toward glucose and superior electrochemical sensing performance toward glucose, with a low limit of detection (1 µM) and a wide linear dynamic range (0.0–6.1 mM). Good selectivity, reproducibility, and stability were obtained. The application of the sensor for the determination of glucose in human serum demonstrated its use for practical analysis.