High‐Performance Flexible Piezoelectric Nanogenerator Based on Specific 3D Nano BCZT@Ag Hetero‐Structure Design for the Application of Self‐Powered Wireless Sensor System

Abstract With the popularity of portable and miniaturized electronic devices in people's live, flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENG) have become a research hotspot for harvesting energy from the living environment to power small‐scale electronic equipment and systems because of its stability. For further enhancing output performance of PENG, chemical modification and structural design for piezoelectric fillers are effective ways. Thus, the 3D porous hetero‐structure fillers of BCZT@Ag are prepared by freeze‐drying method and subsequent chemical seeding reduction. The silicone rubber as matrix is filled into the micro‐voids of fillers to prepare specialized composite. The charge transport mechanism and stress transfer efficiency in PENG can be effectively improved through specialized design which is proven by experimental results and multi‐physics simulations. The improved PENG exhibit a significantly enhanced output of 38.6 V and 5.85 µA, which is 3.3 and 3.5 times higher than those of PENG without specific design. The prepared PENG can effectively harvest biomechanical energy through walk and joint bending of human body. Moreover, the PENG can be used as a trigger to remotely control wireless collision alarm system, which can acquire rapid response and shows great potential application in Internet of Things.