骨质疏松症
特立帕肽
医学
德诺苏马布
骨矿物
维生素D与神经学
物理疗法
骨密度
人口
弗雷克斯
儿科
内科学
作者
Tatiane Vilaca,Richard Eastell,Marian Schini
标识
DOI:10.1016/s2213-8587(22)00012-2
摘要
Osteoporosis in men is a common but often overlooked disorder by clinicians. The criterion for osteoporosis diagnosis in men is similar to that in women-namely, a bone mineral density (BMD) that is 2·5 standard deviations or more below the mean for the young adult population (aged 20-29 years; T-score -2·5 or lower), measured at the hip or lumbar spine. Sex steroids are important for bone health in men and, as in women, oestrogens have a key role. Most men generally have bigger and stronger bones than women and typically have less bone loss during their lifetime. Men typically fracture less often than women, although they have a higher mortality rate after a fracture. Secondary osteoporosis is more common in men than in women. Lifestyle changes, adequate calcium, vitamin D intake, and exercise programmes are recommended for the management of osteoporosis in men. Bisphosphonates, denosumab, and teriparatide have been shown to increase BMD and are used for pharmacological treatment. In this Review, we report an updated overview of osteoporosis in men, describe new treatments and concepts, and discuss persistent controversies in the area.
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