表征(材料科学)
干涉测量
光学
材料科学
粒子(生态学)
全息术
消光(光学矿物学)
激光器
光散射
动态光散射
影象
散射
纳米颗粒
纳米技术
物理
地质学
海洋学
作者
Fabrice Onofri,Séverine Barbosa
标识
DOI:10.1002/9781118576847.ch2
摘要
This chapter briefly reviews the most important concepts and techniques for optical characterization of the size, shape and composition of particles (drops, bubbles, nanoparticles and their aggregates). The chapter especially emphasizes the most widely used and promising optical particle characterization (OPC) techniques, for in situ and dynamic measurements. It also investigates the particulate systems and multiphase flows (suspensions, sprays, bubbly flows, dusty plasmas, etc.). OPC techniques discussed are phase Doppler interferometry (PDI), ellipsometry, forward (or "laser") diffraction, rainbow and near-critical-angle diffractometry techniques, classical shadowgraph imaging, and out-of-focus interferometric imaging. It also includes holography, light extinction spectrometry (LES), photon correlation spectroscopy, laser-induced fluorescence, and laser-induced incandescence. The chapter highlights several criteria to differentiate between these techniques and focuses on the light scattering and absorption properties of particles.
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