The Role of Mast Cells in the Development and Advancement of Endometriosis

ABSTRACT Endometriosis is a medical condition identified by the presence of endometrium‐like tissue outside the uterus. This condition is known to result in symptoms such as frequent pelvic pain, infertility, and irregularities in the menstrual cycle. The development of endometriosis is complex and, involving abnormal body responses, hormonal imbalances, and genetic predispositions. Although endometriosis is common and affects quality of life, its mechanisms of development and progression are not fully understood. Mast cells (MCs), a type of immune cell, are renowned for their involvement in allergic and inflammatory responses. These cells are essential in the modulation of the immune system and the inflammatory process through the secretion of different mediators like histamine, cytokines, and proteases. In recent years, MCs have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including endometriosis. This article explores the relationship between MCs and endometriosis, including disease development, pain perception, angiogenesis, and other important processes. It elucidates how MCs, via their mediators, actively participate in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and the associated inflammatory environment. Moreover, the research emphasizes the potential of targeting MCs as a therapeutic approach for treating endometriosis. Insight into the interplay between endometriosis and MCs holds promise for developing innovative therapeutic strategies to manage this condition effectively.