The Prognostic Value of De Ritis Ratio on the Survival Rate of ICU-Admitted COVID-19 Patients During the Second Wave: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India

Background Prognostic markers are essential for optimizing COVID-19 patient care. This retrospective study examines the prognostic value of the De Ritis ratio (DRR) in intensive care unit (ICU)-admitted patients during the second wave of the pandemic. Methods A retrospective study of four-month duration (March to June 2021) was conducted on 161 ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care hospital in India. The data included demographics, comorbidities, laboratory results, ICU admission dates, and survival outcomes. The De Ritis ratio was calculated on day 0, day 2, and day 5. The analyses included descriptive statistics, diagnostic accuracy, and logistic regression. Results Survival rates decreased with ICU stay: day 0 (survival, 58.4%; mortality, 41.6%), day 2 (survival, 54.5%; mortality, 45.5%), and day 5 (survival, 49.5%; mortality, 50.5%). De Ritis ratio's diagnostic accuracy varied, with increasing specificity and negative predictive value (NPV). Logistic regression showed higher day 5 De Ritis ratios, and male gender was associated with reduced survival odds. Conclusion The De Ritis ratio demonstrates promise as an early prognostic marker for COVID-19 patients, with an increase in predictive accuracy over time. The results emphasize the De Ritis ratio's potential as an early indicator of disease severity, offering clinicians a tool to recognize patients at higher risk and enhance the effectiveness of critical care interventions.