A case of the third-line treatment of lung adenocarcinoma using nivolumab combined with anlotinib.

Lung adenocarcinoma, a subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is the most common lung cancer that considerably threatens humans' life. In recent years, the treatment of lung cancers has largely evolved, in which programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) together with its ligand PD Ligand-1 (PD-L1) has become a prevalent target of interest. Being effective to improve the survivability of cancer patients, monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy that inhibits PD-1 and PD-L1 is playing a vital role in treating a wide spectrum of cancers. Increasing cases of using diversified monoclonal antibodies combined with anlotinib for the treatment of NSCLC have been reported. Herein, we report a case of treating advanced lung adenocarcinoma with the combination of nivolumab and anlotinib. After two cycles of the combination therapy, the patient's condition was effectively improved, demonstrated that this therapy might be effective in treating lung adenocarcinoma.