MOF@graphene nanocomposites for energy and environment applications

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are synthesized by coordinating organic bridging ligands and metal ions, resulting in a novel class of crystalline materials with arranged porosity frameworks. MOFs have attracted a lot of attention in the areas of biomedicine, material science, catalysis, the environment, and other related fields because of their unique and distinguishing properties, such as their customizable structure, large surface area, and high porosity. However, MOFs have significant drawbacks, such as their propensity to hydrolyze rapidly, lack of stability, and poor electrical conductivity. Integrating MOFs with different materials is an effective way to improve efficiency of their properties and capabilities. The chemical stability, electrical conductivity, improved optical and mechanical properties of graphene stand out it to combine with other materials like MOFs. Stability, recyclability, and photoelectric characteristics of MOFs can all be significantly enhanced by graphene composites. The current work covers the methods for making graphene/MOFs composites, such as interfacial growth, mixed molding, in situ growth, and post-synthesis. The uses of these graphene/MOFs composites in energy and environmental applications is also discussed in detail. Finally current challenges and future directions for the engineering of stable graphene/MOFs composites are also explored.