Extraction of bioactive compound from mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L.) using ternary system solvent

65% of the mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) identified as waste from its peel. It has been reported that mangosteen peel extract contains bioactive compounds xanthones with therapeutic activity, especially α-mangostin. α-mangostin is a polyphenolic compound that plays as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, antibacterial agent, etc. Various research extraction methods have been conducted to produce a good yield of bioactive compounds. This study aims to determine the effect of the ternary system solvent on the antioxidant activity of mangosteen peel extract. In this study, mangosteen peel extraction was done by a simple Liquid-liquid Extraction (LLE) method using a choice of ternary system solvent by heating and shaking. The solvents used are 96% ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, and ethyl acetate, which are added with hexane and H2O mixture and will form two solvent layers. Extraction was performed at operating temperature conditions of 40°C, a solid to solvent ratio was 1:20 (w/v), and the extraction time was 1 hour. The soluble solids content was determined by the gravimetric and the antioxidant abilities tested using the DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrihidazil). The results showed the best antioxidant results in the solvent mixture isopropyl alcohol: Hexane: H2O 1:1:1 upper fraction, with extract yield values of 17.52% and %DPPH inhibition of 60.42 for 20 µg/ml extract. In comparison, the α-mangostin standard has a DPPH inhibition value of 24.737% for a concentration of 20 µg/ml.