Exploring the structural-activity relationship of hexahydropyrazino[1,2-d]pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazine derivatives as potent and orally-bioavailable PARP7 inhibitors

PARP7 has emerged as a promising anti-tumor target due to its crucial roles in nucleic acid sensing and immune regulation. Herein, we explored the structural-activity relationship of tricyclic PARP7 inhibitors containing a hexahydropyrazino[1,2-d]pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazine motif. The effects of the chirality of the fused rings, the group conjugated to the fused rings, and the size of the linker on PARP7 inhibition were fully investigated. Our work leads to the discovery of an extremely potent and orally-bioavailable PARP7 inhibitor, namely 18 (PARP7 inhibition IC50 = 0.56 nM), for efficacious treatment of lung cancer in vivo. Notably, 18 showed acceptable bioavailability in ICR mice (F = 33.9%) and Beagle dogs (F = 45.2%). Further investigation of ADME-T properties suggested that 18 has the potential to be developed as a candidate drug molecule for PARP7-sensitive tumors.