Sulfate-radicals Advanced Oxidation Processes by Biochar-based Catalysts and Applications in the Degradation of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Wastewater: A Review

Increasing input of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been increasing rapidly nowadays. Various wastewater treatment technologies have been studied to remove EDCs in water and wastewater. Due to its high oxidation potential and other benefits over other tertiary wastewater treatments, the establishment of advanced oxidation processes based on sulfate radicals (SR-AOP) has been of attention in recent years. There are numerous activation methods to produce sulfate radicals from peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxydisulfate (PDS) such as ultrasound, transition metals, and the use of carbon catalysts. This review manuscript focuses to provide the latest overview of different methods of PDS and PMS activation and different utilization of this technology focusing on water and wastewater treatment. Besides that, this article also focused on the utilization of carbon-based catalysts as a substitute for metal catalysts as an activator in the SR-AOP process. This review also aims to discuss the perspectives for the biochar-based catalyst application and expand their potential for removing organic pollutants.