Sensitive Detection of Amyloid Beta 42 Using NiO Based Electrochemical Immunosensor

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disorder that poses a significant global health challenge, impacting millions of individuals worldwide. While at the present moment, no treatment exists for AD, early diagnosis and prevention are the only ways to tackle the disease. Amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) has emerged as one of the potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of AD and there is a need to develop biosensors that can accurately measure Aβ42 levels. This work introduces an immunosensor based on an RF-sputtered NiO thin film, developed for Aβ42 quantification. The sensor demonstrates good performance, delivering a stable response across a wide Aβ42 concentration range, from 100 fg/ml to 10 ng/ml, with an impressive limit of detection (LOD) of 1.23×10-5 pg/ml. The sensor also exhibited excellent selectivity and stability towards Aβ42 with a shelf life of the bioelectrode tested over 8 weeks. The prepared AβAb/NiO/ITO bioelectrode has potential for the development of an immunosensor for point-of-care application for AD detection.