作者
Alejandro Medina-Herrera,Iria Vázquez,Isabel Cuenca,Juan Manuel Rosa-Rosa,Beñat Ariceta,Cristina Jiménez,Marta Fernández-Mercado,María José Larráyoz,Norma C. Gutiérrez,Manuela Fernández-Guijarro,Verónica González-Calle,Paula Rodríguez‐Otero,Albert Oriol,Laura Rosiñol,Adrián Alegre,Fernando Escalante,Javier de la Rubia,A. I. Teruel,Felipe de Arriba,Miguel‐Teodoro Hernández,Javier López‐Jiménez,Enrique M. Ocio,Noemí Puig,Bruno Paiva,Juan José Lahuerta,Joan Bladé,Jesús F. San Miguel,María-Victoria Mateos,Joaquín Martínez‐López,Marı́a José Calasanz,Ramoń García‐Sanz,Verónica González-Calle,Javier de la Rubia,Felipe de Arriba,Rafael Ríos,A Sureda,María Jesús Blanchard,Rafael Martínez-Martínez,José Marı́a Moraleda,Joan Bargay,Mercedes Gironella,Luis Palomera,Yolanda González-Montes,Josep Martı́,Isabel Krsnik,José-María Arguiñano,María E. González,A. P. Gonzalez,Luis Felipe Casado
摘要
Abstract Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) precedes multiple myeloma (MM). The risk of progression of SMM patients is not uniform, thus different progression-risk models have been developed, although they are mainly based on clinical parameters. Recently, genomic predictors of progression have been defined for untreated SMM. However, the usefulness of such markers in the context of clinical trials evaluating upfront treatment in high-risk SMM (HR SMM) has not been explored yet, precluding the identification of baseline genomic alterations leading to drug resistance. For this reason, we carried out next-generation sequencing and fluorescent in-situ hybridization studies on 57 HR and ultra-high risk (UHR) SMM patients treated in the phase II GEM-CESAR clinical trial (NCT02415413). DIS3 , FAM46C, and FGFR3 mutations, as well as t(4;14) and 1q alterations, were enriched in HR SMM. TRAF3 mutations were specifically associated with UHR SMM but identified cases with improved outcomes. Importantly, novel potential predictors of treatment resistance were identified: NRAS mutations and the co-occurrence of t(4;14) plus FGFR3 mutations were associated with an increased risk of biological progression. In conclusion, we have carried out for the first time a molecular characterization of HR SMM patients treated with an intensive regimen, identifying genomic predictors of poor outcomes in this setting.