Tonpilz transducers uniform linear array simulation analysis based on Comsol with Matlab

Sound waves are considered the only information carriers that can be transmitted at a long distance in the ocean, and marine research, resource development, and maritime military struggles are inseparable from hydroacoustic technology. The development of underwater acoustic technology demands the support of acoustic transducers, and the mission task of underwater acoustic transducers is to transmit and receive sound waves underwater, so underwater acoustic transducers are called "underwater acoustic equipment eyes and ears". The underwater acoustic transducer is a type of sensor that realizes the conversion of sound and other forms of energy or information in the aqueous medium. Tonpilz transducer is used for relatively low-frequency high-power acoustic emission and is a common transducer configuration in sonar applications, consisting of piezoelectric ceramic rings stacked between two mass blocks, prestressed by center bolt, and tail and head blocks to reduce the resonant frequency of the device.