Review of Rheology in Cement-Based Materials and Its Application to 3D Printing Using Concrete

This review briefly summarizes introductory understandings of concrete rheology and applications in which rheology plays an important role. A mixture of cement and water is the rheological material classified as dispersed systems involving chemical reactions, and it has been considered the most challenging research subject in the field of rheology. This review introduces the most crucial chemical admixture for fresh concrete controlling rheological properties (so-called superplasticizer) after summarizing the fundamental knowledge of concrete rheology. In addition, recent research trends on 3D printing using concrete, riddled with rheological challenges, are introduced.