Effect of structuring psyllium (Plantago ovata) husk emulsion gels by ultrasound for the application in dysphasia food

The aim of this paper was to investigate effects of inulin and ultrasonic homogenization on particle size distribution and microstructure of oil-in-water emulsion gels stabilized by psyllium husk were investigated. The emulsion gel was assessed their utility in meat puree prepared for people with dysphagia. The results showed that increasing inulin percentage resulted in reduced particle size and improved emulsion stability with the optimum at 20% w/w inclusion. Ultrasonic homogenization further enhanced the emulsion stability by reducing the size of emulsion droplet and improving encapsulation of emulsion droplet. Increasing inulin concentrations in the emulsion gels added into purees also corresponded with decreasing total expressible fluid (TEF). The stability of puree against the action of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) was improved with the addition of emulsion gels. Therefore, these developed emulsion gels could be beneficial in formulating modified-texture food prepare for people with dysphagia.