Advancements in Natural Alkaloid-loaded Drug Delivery Systems for Enhanced Peptic Ulcer Treatment: A Review

Peptic ulcers, which damage the gastrointestinal tract lining, are a significant global health issue. The traditional approaches to treating peptic ulcers have poor bioavailability, unstable formulations, and undesirable side effects. Natural alkaloids have garnered increased interest as potential therapeutic agents in recent years due to their diverse pharmacological actions and decreased toxicity profiles. This manuscript summarizes recent progress in natural alkaloids for peptic ulcer treatment, highlighting new drug delivery methods. Natural alkaloids, originating from different plants, have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties, potentially accelerating the healing of peptic ulcers. Moreover, medicines don't always function properly because they degrade too fast, don't dissolve well, and have other problems, such as insufficient bioavailability. Creative liposome delivery systems, microspheres, nanocarriers, and other customized delivery strategies have shown promise in overcoming these barriers. By distributing the medication gradually and precisely, these innovative techniques improve the medication and effectiveness at the ulcer site. As a result, natural ingredients work better and provide better treatment results.