Postsynthetic Modification (PSM) in Metal−Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Icing on the Cake

Postsynthetic modification (PSM) of metal-organic framework (MOF) is a constructive technique for classifying new modified MOFs that can display or improve properties of parent MOFs. The surface environment of the MOF can be reformed to enhance structural stability as well as introduce desired properties. PSM of MOFs has fully matured into an appropriate method to broaden the functional group range of MOFs. The scope is widening in applications of MOF with suitable species exploiting PSM. Several postsynthetic approaches have proven to be an important tool for fabricating MOFs with tunable functionality, a result which cannot be achieved through de novo synthesis. This outlook focuses on the current advancements of improved materials through PSM, a method that works well for the chemical modification and functionalization of MOFs. These methods show promise of becoming key synthetic tools for developing materials for a wide range of emerging applications that include catalysis, selective gas sorption, separation, sensing, and drug delivery. This chapter discusses developments in various PSM methods and the diverse range of applications of resultant PSM–MOFs.