Effects of the Czochralski growth parameters on the growth of $LiNbO_3$ crystals

The macro defects of crystals grown by the Czochralski method were strongly influenced by the single crystal growth parameters such as growth rate, thermal gradient and crystal rotation rate. The optimum growth conditions of a single crystal with 1 in diameter were temperature gradient, 5~10 mm/hr growth rate and 40 rpm crystal rotation rate. In these conditions, we could grow crystals which had no cellular structure with easy diameter control, and any crack was not formed after the crystal was cooled.oled.