Crude Oil Pipeline Operation and Optimization

In terms of pipeline operation, this article studies the problem of the pipeline optimization operation in low flow and super flow for operating safely and economically with energy saving. Ultra low-flow tests are done on low-flow pipelines to find the minimum flow of the pumps. More research is done on blending transportation of different oils, intermittent transportation of wax-bearing crude, drag and viscosity reduction of high solidification point crude oil and the shutdown and restart of the pipeline. The ladder-flow mode is for the larger span pipeline to reduce throttling and pressure energy lost for the safe operation in low pressure. Based on the data analysis - such as pressure, electric energy, parameter of the pumps, ultimate load, and best operating range - the best operating flow can be acquired by the SCADA system with related software such as EMP and data analysis software. It can provide theoretical support for selection of optimal pumps. In later stages of pipeline reconstruction, problems like mismatch of motors and pumps, improper pump selection, more throttling and energy loss are found frequently. It suggests that reform should be carried on according to the practical situation and long-term plan to avoid the aging of equipment or overload operating. In summary, the appropriate flow of the pumps will make sure of optimal operation.