医学
肺不张
麻醉
潮气量
呼吸系统
肺容积
肺
通风(建筑)
持续气道正压
气道
内科学
机械工程
工程类
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停
作者
Göran Hedenstierna,Lennart Edmark
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.bpa.2015.08.008
摘要
Most anesthetics cause a loss of muscle tone that is accompanied by a fall in the resting lung volume. The lowered lung volume promotes cyclic (tidal) or continuous airway closure. High inspired oxygen fractions cause rapid absorption of gas behind closed airways, resulting in atelectasis. This chapter deals with these mechanisms in more detail, and it addresses possible measures to keep the lung open with the use of recruitment maneuvers, continuous and/or end-expiratory positive pressure, as well as the interaction with different oxygen concentrations. The effects on ventilation/perfusion matching and pulmonary gas exchange are also discussed.
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