miR-146a Mimics Attenuate Allergic Airway Inflammation by Impacted Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in an Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma Mouse Model

The prevalence of allergic asthma has increased dramatically. Previous studies have found that the microRNA 146a (miR-146a) expression in asthma inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis of bronchial smooth muscle cells. We aimed to investigate the effect of miR-146a mimics on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in a mouse model.Inflammatory cell infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured by flow cytometry. Levels of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in serum and cytokines in BALF were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For monitoring the airway, the Penh value (% baseline) was measured using a whole-body plethysmograph.In OVA-induced asthmatic mice, miR-146a significantly suppressed the infiltration of inflammatory cells in BALF and decreased the levels of OVA-specific IgE and T helper 2 cell type cytokines. In addition, miR-146a inhibited the OVA-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and the group 2 innate lymphoid cell responses. Moreover, the effects of miR-146a mimics were dependent on interleukin 33 stimulation.Our results suggest that miR-146a mimics might serve as an attractive candidate for further preclinical studies as an anti-inflammatory treatment of asthma.