神经炎症
小胶质细胞
神经科学
神经退行性变
中枢神经系统
免疫系统
炎症
疾病
生物
神经系统
医学
免疫学
病理
作者
Violetta S. Gogoleva,Marina S. Drutskaya,К.-С. Н. Атретханы
出处
期刊:Molekulârnaâ biologiâ
[Pleiades Publishing]
日期:2019-01-01
卷期号:53 (5): 790-798
被引量:19
标识
DOI:10.1134/s0026898419050057
摘要
Recently, much attention has been drawn to unraveling the mechanisms of neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disease pathogenesis. A special role in the development of neuropathologies is assigned to the interaction of the nervous and the immune systems. Microglia are the cells of the immune system that function as resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS) and are involved in the development of CNS, as well as in homeostatic interactions. Impaired microglia can contribute to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. With the help of genome editing technologies, the main paradigms in the development and functions of microglia have been addressed. At the same time, an understanding of the mechanisms of regulation of microglia in normal and pathological conditions is necessary to create an effective therapy aimed at treating various neurological diseases. This review focuses on recent findings on the origin of microglia, its regulatory role in the central nervous system, as well as its contribution to the development of neuroinflammation.
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