Analysis of the lipid profile of saliva in ovarian and endometrial cancer by IR fourier spectroscopy

Currently, the question of finding new, fast and non-invasive diagnostic tools for the detection of ovarian and endometrial cancer is relevant. Objective: the use of IR spectroscopy to assess changes in the lipid profile of saliva in ovarian and endometrial cancer. The case-control study included 107 patients, which were divided into 3 groups: the main group (patients with diagnosed ovarian and endometrial cancer, n = 51), the reference group (patients with non-malignant ovarian and endometrial pathologies, n = 26) and the control group (healthy individuals, n = 30). The content of lipids, the level of lipid peroxidation products (diene and triene conjugates, Schiff bases, malondialdehyde) were determined in all saliva samples. A modified Folch method was used to obtain a lipid extract of saliva, which was analyzed using FT-IR spectroscopy. Non-parametric statistical methods are used for data processing. It has been shown that it is possible to determine changes in lipid levels in ovarian and endometrial cancer using saliva. It has been established that the ratio of the intensity of the absorption bands 2923/2957 cm−1 is statistically significantly reduced against the background of the pathologies of the ovaries and the endometrium in both the early and advanced stages of the disease, which can be used as a new diagnostic criterion. Additionally, there was a violation of lipid peroxidation processes in cancer, which can also be assessed by the IR spectra of saliva lipid extracts. The combination of spectroscopic data and the results of biochemical analysis of saliva improves the accuracy of differentiation of the studied groups, which represents a promising direction in the search for new diagnostic markers of ovarian and endometrial cancer.