Mineralized Collagen Modified Polymethyl Methacrylate Bone Cement for Osteoporotic Compression Vertebral Fracture at 1-Year Follow-up

Study Design. Retrospective comparative study. Objective. This study aimed to compare the clinical effects and imaging features of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement with and without mineralized collagen (MC) in percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). Summary of Background Data. PKP with PMMA is widely performed for OVCF. However, numerous complications have also been reported about the PMMA bone cement. Moreover, PMMA bone cement with and without MC have not been compared with respect to their postoperative efficacy and long-term follow-up. Methods. From July 2016 to July 2017, 105 OVCF patients were randomly divided into two groups based on their PKP treatment: MC-PMMA group and PMMA group. Clinical operation, cement leakage, Oswestry Disability Index, visual analog scale, height of the fractured vertebrae, Cobb angle, refracture of the adjacent vertebra, recompression, and computed tomography values of the injured vertebra were compared between the two groups postoperatively and after 1-year follow-up. Results. Clinical operation showed no differences between the two groups. Visual analog scale scores, Oswestry Disability Index scores, and Cobb angles showed statistically significant differences between the two groups after 1-year follow-up. The height of the vertebral body showed significant difference at 3 days postoperatively and preoperatively in each group and significant difference after 1 year between the two groups. The rate of refracture and leakage of the MC-PMMA group was lower than that of the PMMA group. The computed tomography value of the MC-PMMA group was obviously higher than that of the PMMA group after 1-year follow-up. Conclusion. MC-modified PMMA did not change the beneficial properties of PMMA. This new bone cement has better biocompatibility, can form a stable structure in the vertebral body, and improve the prognosis of patients by reducing pain and reoperation. Level of Evidence: 3