Adaptive Ultra‐Low Resilience Woven Triboelectric Nanogenerators for High‐Performance Wearable Energy Harvesting and Motion Sensing

Abstract As electronic devices become increasingly compact and functional, the demand for renewable energy sources and self‐powered systems has risen dramatically. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) provide a sustainable energy solution, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. This study introduces an advanced woven double‐cloth triboelectric nanogenerator (WDC‐TENG) for energy harvesting and sensing applications. Composed of BaTiO₃‐doped polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and copper‐nickel alloy fabric (CNF), the WDC‐TENG features a double‐cloth woven structure that minimizes deformation during the contact‐separation process, making it ideal for compact applications such as insoles. Its modular design allows each weft yarn to function as an independent energy‐generating unit, which can operate individually or in combination, significantly enhancing flexibility and scalability. The WDC‐TENG achieves a high‐power density of 15 W m 2 , generating a current output of 0.7 mA. Furthermore, its structure ensures excellent mechanical durability, enabling long‐term wearing. Beyond energy harvesting, the WDC‐TENG exhibits multifunctionality in reliably powering microelectronic devices as insole, while as carpets, it not only harvests energy from foot but also acts as a sensor for real‐time wireless monitoring of pedestrian density and walking paths. The WDC‐TENG's low deformation, durability, and versatility position it as a promising solution for advancing wearable technology and intelligent environments.