Localized Prostate Cancer — Then and Now

Between 1999 and 2009 in the United Kingdom, 82,429 men between 50 and 69 years of age underwent prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing as part of the Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment (ProtecT) trial. After a median follow-up of 15 years, we can now review the results of this herculean task.1 Of the men who first joined the trial, 2664 (3.2%) received a diagnosis of localized prostate cancer. A total of 1643 men (61.7%) were randomly assigned to undergo active monitoring, prostatectomy, or radiotherapy plus a short course (3 to 6 months) of androgen-deprivation therapy. Treatments were originally stratified according . . .