热失控
可燃性
能量密度
材料科学
商业化
电解质
阴极
波动性(金融)
电池(电)
核工程
法律工程学
化学
工程物理
工程类
电气工程
热力学
复合材料
电极
物理
法学
功率(物理)
经济
物理化学
金融经济学
政治学
作者
Yu Wang,Xuning Feng,Yong Peng,Fu-Kui Zhang,Dongsheng Ren,Xiang Liu,Languang Lu,Yoshiaki Nitta,Li Wang,Minggao Ouyang
出处
期刊:Joule
[Elsevier]
日期:2022-12-01
卷期号:6 (12): 2810-2820
被引量:40
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.joule.2022.10.010
摘要
Li-ion batteries are regarded as unsafe due to the volatility and flammability of the organic liquid electrolytes. However, research on substitutes (solid, inorganic, etc.) still encounters tough obstacles toward commercialization. Here, we manage to control the thermal failure process of liquid batteries by manipulating the deleterious reactions at an earlier stage, where heat accumulates mildly before accelerating to catastrophes. We reveal that the reductive gases, specifically those with low bond dissociation energies (unsaturated hydrocarbons as alkenes and alkynes), can induce cathode crystal change with oxygen release and initiate and accelerate battery thermal failure from lower than 80°C. Four safety countermeasures to break this “reductive attack” pathway are designed and successfully prevent commercial Li-ion batteries from thermal runaway (capacity of 60 Ah and energy density of 280 Wh kg−1). We anticipate that our new safety insights and methodologies will overcome the limitations of liquid electrolytes for safe energy applications.
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