Bioactive inorganic compound MXene and its application in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

MXene has recently gained immense attention as a new type of two-dimensional (2D) material. MXenes have been studied for use in catalysts, sensors, electromagnetic interference, energy conversion, and electrochemical storage capacitors. They benefit from planar nanostructures and outstanding physicochemical properties of micro-supercapacitors, batteries, and energy collection devices because of their high thermal and electrical conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, and unique optical and plasmon properties. Furthermore, studies on the interaction between MXene and biological components have demonstrated the biological properties of MXene, such as the induction of reactive oxygen species, photothermal conversion, and antibacterial activity. This review explores diverse methods of MXene synthesis, discusses our current knowledge of the various biological characteristics of MXene, and investigates the utilization of MXene in tissue engineering. The information discussed in this review serves to guide the future development and application of MXene in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.