Engineering of Protein Folding and Secretion—Strategies to Overcome Bottlenecks for Efficient Production of Recombinant Proteins

Based on recent understanding that multiple steps in the folding and secretion pathways limit productivity, synergistic combinations of the cell engineering approaches mentioned earlier need to be explored. In addition, systems biology-based whole cell analysis that also takes energy and redox metabolism into consideration will broaden the knowledge base for future rational engineering strategies.