材料科学
结晶度
阴极
微尺度化学
离子
单晶
微晶
Crystal(编程语言)
纳米颗粒
分析化学(期刊)
衍射
纳米技术
化学物理
结晶学
光学
复合材料
物理化学
冶金
程序设计语言
数学教育
化学
物理
量子力学
色谱法
计算机科学
数学
作者
Isaac Martens,Victor Vanpeene,Nikita Vostrov,Steven Leake,Edoardo Zatterin,Jérémie Auvergniot,Jakub Drnec,Marie-Ingrid Richard,Julie Villanova,Tobias U. Schülli
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.3c10509
摘要
Li-ion battery cathode active materials obtained from different sources or preparation methods often exhibit broadly divergent performance and stability despite no obvious differences in morphology, purity, and crystallinity. We show how state-of-the-art, commercial, nominally single crystalline LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC-622) particles possess extensive internal nanostructure even in the pristine state. Scanning X-ray diffraction microscopy reveals the presence of interlayer strain gradients, and crystal bending is attributed to oxygen vacancies. Phase contrast X-ray nano-tomography reveals two different kinds of particles, welded/aggregated, and single crystal like, and emphasizes the intra- and interparticle heterogeneities from the nano- to the microscale. It also detects within the imaging resolution (100 nm) substantial quantities of nanovoids hidden inside the bulk of two-thirds of the overall studied particles (around 3000), with an average value of 12.5%v per particle and a mean size of 148 nm. The powerful combination of both techniques helps prescreening and quantifying the defective nature of cathode material and thus anticipating their performance in electrode assembly/battery testing.
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