Exploring the Potential of Fucoxanthin Treatment to Alleviate Microplastic Pollution Effects on Maize Growth

Fucoxanthin (FX) is a natural pigment that is found in brown seaweeds, diatoms, and other marine organisms. FX helps to improve the soil’s physical and chemical properties. FX has been shown to have a positive impact on plant growth. The widespread usage and production of microplastics (MPs) products has resulted in a surge of plastic waste in the natural environment, posing a growing threat to plant growth. This study investigated the effects of Polystyrene MPs (PS) and FX on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter ;(OM), and available nutrients and maize (Zea mays L.) growth in a calcareous soil. Results showed PS led to a decline in soil pH, which negatively impacted maize growth. Higher levels of PS led to lower root and shoot dry weight, chlorophyll content, leaf area, and plant height. Increasing FX levels in the soil led to an increase in available nutrients, while decreasing EC and had a positive effect on maize growth factors, particularly under non-stress conditions. The positive effects of FX may be due to its antioxidant properties, ability to enhance photosynthesis, aid in nutrient absorption, and activate growth-related genes. FX mitigated the negative effects of PS on plant growth. The study highlights the potential of FX as a soil amendment to promote plant growth and mitigate the effects of environmental stressors on agriculture.