[Potential application of improved hard tissue section technique in the clinical pathological diagnosis of bone and bone marrow].

Objective: To discuss the application value of hard tissue section in the clinicopathology diagnosis. Methods: From March 2021 to December 2021, bone slices of 19 patients (1 patient with osteochondroma, 2 patients with chondrosarcoma, 4 patients with osteosarcoma, 2 patients with fibrous dysplasia, 2 patients with bone metastasis from thyroid papillary carcinoma, 2 patients with osteomyelitis, 4 patients with giant cell tumor of bone, 2 patients with Ewing sarcoma) and 16 hemopathy patients were collected from the Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital. Of the osteopathy patients, there were 14 male and 5 female with a median age of 31 (10-66) years. Meanwhile, there were 7 male and 9 female with a median age of 28 (16-65) years among these hemopathy patients. Thirty-five cases were treated with modified hard tissue slicing technique and paraffin embedding technique, respectively. The advantages and disadvantages of the two methods for clinical diagnosis of bone disease were compared by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining (H&E staining), immunohistochemical staining (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and Sanger sequencing. Results: The improved resin-embedded method showed better histological morphology and cell structure. Besides, the expression of Ki67, SATB2, CD34, SMA, CD68,MPO,CD4 and CD33 in immunohistochemical staining in bone tissues which were embedded in resin were more clear in the accurate positive localization than those using paraffin-embedded. MDM2 of FISH exhibited a higher fluorescence intensity and more accurate location. Meanwhile, both methods treated with Sanger sequencing met the requirements of DNA purity and mutation detection. Conclusion: The improved hard tissue section method is simple and short time-consuming, which is suitable for optimizing the clinical bone and bone marrow pathological diagnosis process.目的： 探讨新型硬组织切片技术在临床骨与骨髓病理诊断中的潜在应用价值。 方法： 收集2021年3至12月上海市第六人民医院19例骨病病例（骨软骨瘤1例、软骨肉瘤2例、骨肉瘤4例、纤维结构不良2例、甲状腺乳头状癌骨转移2例、骨髓炎病例2例、骨巨细胞瘤4例、尤文肉瘤2例），其中男14例，女5例，年龄M（范围）为31（10~66）岁；16例血液病病例，其中男7例，女9例，年龄M（范围）为28（16~65）岁。对35例临床病例标本分别采用新型硬组织切片技术与石蜡包埋切片技术制片，通过苏木精-伊红（HE）染色、免疫组织化学染色、荧光原位杂交及Sanger测序等方法比较两种制片方法对于临床骨与骨髓疾病病理诊断的优缺点。 结果： 新型硬组织切片在HE染色中展现出更好的组织细胞形态；在免疫组织化学染色检测Ki67、SATB2、CD34、SMA、CD68、MPO、CD4、CD33等指标时，新型硬组织切片技术相对于石蜡切片技术表达更好，定位更准确；针对MDM2荧光原位杂交结果显示，新型硬组织切片技术荧光强度更高；Sanger测序结果显示，两种切片技术的DNA纯度均满足条件，且均检测到突变。 结论： 新型硬组织切片技术简单易行、耗时短，适用于优化临床骨与骨髓病理诊断流程。.