Amine neuromediators, their precursors, and oxidation products in the culture of Escherichia coli K-12

Growth dynamics of the synthesis of monoamine neuromediators serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in Escherichia coli K-12 was investigated for the first time using high performance liquid chromatography with electrodetection. Maximum (micromolar) concentrations of these compounds were detected in E. coli cells during the early growth phases; their intracellular content decreases after the transition to late growth phases. E. coli biomass contains the substances DOPA and 5-hydroxytryptamine that serve in animal cells as neuromediator precursors and the products of their oxidative deamination. Presumably, the biosynthesis and degradation of monoamine neuromediators in bacterial cells involves enzyme systems analogous to those typical of animals. The culture fluid of E. coli contains micromolar concentrations of DOPA and nanomolar of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine during the late growth phase. These concentrations are sufficient for animal/human receptors to bind them. This article deals with the potential biotechnological applications of the data obtained.