Objective To analyze risk factors of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Methods Selected 416 cases in Jan 2011-Jan 2012,Bilirubin level and risk factors of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were analyzed.Results Cesarean section,breast milk less,hypoglycemia,Weight loss 10%,1min Apgar score 7,in utero distress,mother at high age,infection were high risk factors of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Cases with less breast milk in cesarean section group were less than eutocia group,weight loss10%,neonatal asphyxia,mother with pregnancy complications were higher than eutocia group(P 0.01 or P 0.05).Conclusion There are many risk factors affecting neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Perinatal health care should be improved to prevent and treat neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in time.