Thaumatin is one of the sweetest substances known to date,it is important to study the thaumatin. The biochemical properties of thaumatin have been clarified clearly. Thaumatin had been isolated and sequenced. The mechanism of the sweetness of thaumatin may be due to the combination of some special groups and the receptors. The exact function of thaumatin is still not clear. Although gene engineering of thaumatin has been carried out for 20 years, there are still some difficulties to be solved for using in the market.