材料科学
枝晶(数学)
锂(药物)
阳极
剥离(纤维)
电极
纳米棒
成核
镍
电镀(地质)
集电器
法拉第效率
化学工程
电流密度
复合材料
电化学
金属
电解质
阴极
纳米技术
金属锂
涂层
冶金
工程类
化学
有机化学
物理化学
内分泌学
几何学
地质学
物理
医学
量子力学
数学
地球物理学
作者
Xintang Huang,Xiaoyu Feng,Ben Zhang,Zaiyi Liao,Shi-Chang Zhang,Biao Gao,Paul K. Chu,Kaifu Huo
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.9b08438
摘要
Lithium (Li) metal is one of the promising anode materials in the next-generation high-energy batteries, but Li dendrite growth and a big volume change during cycling result in low Coulombic efficiency (CE), short lifespan, and safety hazards, thereby impeding practical implementation of Li in rechargeable batteries. Herein, we report a highly stable and dendrite-free Li metal anode based on a three-dimensional (3D) conductive and lithiophilic scaffold comprising lithiated NiCo2O4 nanorods grown on nickel foam (LNCO/Ni). The nanorods grown on 3D Ni foam with a large surface area effectively reduce the averaged electrical current in the electrode, and the conformal Li2O coating produced in situ on the lithiated NiCo2O4 nanorods provides the surface lithiophilicity enabling stable Li plating/stripping without Li dendrite growth even at a high current density of 5 mA cm–2. The LNCO/Ni–Li anode shows a low voltage hysteresis of 16 mV, high CE of 98.7%, and stable cycling without obvious voltage fluctuation for over 500 cycles (1000 h) at a current density of 1 mA cm–2. Specifically, for a scalable Li loading of 20 mA h cm–2 on LNCO/Ni, no growth of Li dendrite and electrode thickness fluctuations are observed. The full cell consisting of the LNCO/Ni–Li anode and the LiFePO4 cathode exhibits a high rate capability and CE as high as 99.6% for more than 160 cycles. Our study reveals a new strategy to develop stable Li-metal anodes for high-energy batteries.
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