Recent developments in materials design for all-solid-state Li–S batteries

All-solid-state Li–S batteries offer certain advantages compared with Li–S batteries that employ an organic liquid electrolyte owing to termination of the shuttle effect. This article reviews research and development on all-solid-state Li–S batteries from their conception to the present day. First, we carefully reflect on batteries that use sulfur powder, metal sulfide, and lithium sulfur as positive active materials. Then, the use of graphite, silicon, and lithium metal in all-solid-state batteries is discussed. The invention of batteries containing only one material as both the active material and ionic conductor is especially highlighted because of the advantages of all-solid-state batteries using sulfidic materials compared with other types of batteries.