Saponins isolated from Radix polygalae extent lifespan by modulating complement C3 and gut microbiota

神经炎症 健康衰老 认知功能衰退 炎症 氧化应激 人口 肠道菌群 生物 医学 免疫学 老年学 疾病 内科学 痴呆 环境卫生
作者
Jianming Wu,Anguo Wu,Xiaogang Zhou,Imran Khan,Rui Long Zhang,Hang Hong Lo,Qu Li,Linlin Song,Xiao Yun Yun,Hui Miao Wang,Juan Chen,Jerome P. L. Ng,Fang Ren,Si Yu Yuan,Lu Yu,Yong Tang,Guo Xin Huang,Vincent Kam Wai Wong,Sookja Kim Chung,Simon Wing Fai Mok
出处
期刊:Pharmacological Research [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:170: 105697-105697 被引量:19
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105697
摘要

With the increase in human lifespan, population aging is one of the major problems worldwide. Aging is an irreversible progressive process that affects humans via multiple factors including genetic, immunity, cellular oxidation and inflammation. Progressive neuroinflammation contributes to aging, cognitive malfunction, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, precise mechanisms or drugs targeting age-related neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment remain un-elucidated. Traditional herbal plants have been prescribed in many Asian countries for anti-aging and the modulation of aging-related symptoms. In general, herbal plants' efficacy is attributed to their safety and polypharmacological potency via the systemic manipulation of the body system. Radix polygalae (RP) is a herbal plant prescribed for anti-aging and the relief of age-related symptoms; however, its active components and biological functions remained un-elucidated. In this study, an active methanol fraction of RP containing 17 RP saponins (RPS), was identified. RPS attenuates the elevated C3 complement protein in aged mice to a level comparable to the young control mice. The active RPS also restates the aging gut microbiota by enhancing beneficial bacteria and suppressing harmful bacteria. In addition, RPS treatment improve spatial reference memory in aged mice, with the attenuation of multiple molecular markers related to neuroinflammation and aging. Finally, the RPS improves the behavior and extends the lifespan of C. elegans, confirming the herbal plant's anti-aging ability. In conclusion, through the mouse and C. elegas models, we have identified the beneficial RPS that can modulate the aging process, gut microbiota diversity and rectify several aging-related phenotypes.
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