3D-pix2pix generative adversarial network for history matching with complex geologies

Automatic history matching is a process of using an optimization algorithm to adjust the parameters of the reservoir model. The reservoir model can reproduce the historical performance of the reservoir and realize the prediction for future production. Accurate prediction of oil well performance guarantees to establish a reliable reservoir model, which is traditionally realized by ESMDA and ensemble Kalman filter. We design and implement history matching using a 3D-pix2pix generative adversarial network(3D-pix2pix GAN) structure for the first time, which can correct the parameters of the complex heterogeneous reservoir based on dynamic response. The adversarial generative network includes generator and discriminator. The generator attempts to use the fast feedforward operation of historical production data (input) to reconstruct the calibrated model, while the discriminator attempts to distinguish the pseudo output and the prior (real data) so that 3D-pix2pixGAN finally learns an infinitely close to the real reservoir model. The most significant contribution of this work is to train a 3D-pix2pixGAN model to correct reservoir model parameters. Compared with traditional work ow, 3D-pix2pixGAN has several advantages. First, the reservoir parameters estimated from history matching help to improve 3D reservoir characterization. Second, the reservoir obtained by history matching can accurately predict the future production of water and oil. Third, 3D-pix2pixGAN is used as a proxy model instead of using a numerical simulator in the training process to reduce the amount of computation and achieve end-to-end offline processing.