Effects of Scriptaid on the Histone Acetylation, DNA Methylation and Development of Buffalo Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos

The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of Scriptaid treatment on histone acetylation, DNA methylation, expression of genes related to histone acetylation, and development of buffalo somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Treatment of buffalo SCNT embryos with 500 nM Scriptaid for 24 h resulted in a significant increase in the blastocyst formation rate (28.2% vs. 13.6%, p<0.05). Meanwhile, treatment of buffalo SCNT embryos with Scriptaid also resulted in higher acetylation levels of H3K18 and lower methylation levels of global DNA at the blastocyst stage, which was similar to fertilized counterparts. The expression levels of CBP, p300, HAT1, Dnmt1, and Dnmt3a in SCNT embryos treated with Scriptaid were significantly lower than the control group at the eight-cell stage (p<0.05), but the expression of HAT1 and Dnmt1a was higher than the control group at the blastocyst stage (p<0.05). When 96 blastocysts developed from Scriptaid-treated SCNT embryos were transferred into 48 recipients, 11 recipients (22.9%) became pregnant, whereas only one recipient (11.1%) became pregnant following transfer of 18 blastocysts developed from untreated SCNT embryos into nine recipients. These results indicate that treatment of buffalo SCNT embryos with Scriptaid can improve their developmental competence, and this action is mediated by resulting in a similar histone acetylation level and global DNA methylation level compared to in vitro–fertilized embryos through regulating the expression pattern of genes related to histone acetylation and DNA methylation.