Mechanical properties, durability, and life-cycle assessment of self-consolidating concrete mixtures made with blended portland cements containing fly ash and limestone powder

This paper reports the composition and properties of highly flowable self-consolidating concrete (SCC) mixtures made of high proportions of cement replacement materials such as fly ash and pulverized limestone instead of high dosage of a plasticizing agent or viscosity-modifying chemical admixtures. Self-consolidating concrete mixtures are being increasingly used for the construction of highly reinforced complex concrete elements and for massive concrete structures such as dams and thick foundation. In this study, by varying the proportion of portland cement (OPC), Class F-fly ash (F), and limestone powder (L), SCC mixtures with different strength values were produced, and the properties of both fresh and hardened concrete were determined. For a comprehensive analysis and quantification of emissions and global warming potential (GWP) from concrete production, life-cycle assessment (LCA) was employed. We find that high volume, up to 55% by weight replacement of OPC with F, or F and L produces highly workable concrete that has high 28-day and 365-day strength, and extremely high to very high resistance to chloride penetration along with low GWP for concrete production.