Magnetic resonance imaging of the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

海马体 内嗅皮质 海马结构 磁共振成像 灰质 阿尔茨海默病 医学 神经科学 心理学 认知障碍 内科学 心脏病学 认知 疾病 白质 放射科
作者
Antao Du
出处
期刊:Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry [BMJ]
卷期号:71 (4): 441-447 被引量:712
标识
DOI:10.1136/jnnp.71.4.441
摘要

OBJECTIVES

To explore volume changes of the entorhinal cortex (ERC) and hippocampus in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer9s disease (AD) compared with normal cognition (NC); to determine the powers of the ERC and the hippocampus for discrimination between these groups.

METHODS

This study included 40 subjects with NC, 36 patients with MCI, and 29 patients with AD. Volumes of the ERC and hippocampus were manually measured based on coronal T1 weighted MR images. Global cerebral changes were assessed using semiautomatic image segmentation.

RESULTS

Both ERC and hippocampal volumes were reduced in MCI (ERC 13%, hippocampus 11%, p<0.05) and AD (ERC 39%, hippocampus 27%, p<0.01) compared with NC. Furthermore, AD showed greater volume losses in the ERC than in the hippocampus (p<0.01). In addition, AD and MCI also had cortical grey matter loss (p< 0.01) and ventricular enlargement (p<0.01) when compared with NC. There was a significant correlation between ERC and hippocampal volumes in MCI and AD (both p<0.001), but not in NC. Using ERC and hippocampus together improved discrimination between AD and CN but did not improve discrimination between MCI and NC. The ERC was better than the hippocampus for distinguishing MCI from AD. In addition, loss of cortical grey matter significantly contributed to the hippocampus for discriminating MCI and AD from NC.

CONCLUSIONS

Volume reductions in the ERC and hippocampus may be early signs of AD pathology that can be measured using MRI.
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