异染色质蛋白1
生物
异染色质
基因沉默
遗传学
保守序列
基因
计算生物学
肽序列
染色质
作者
Daniele Canzio,Adam M. Larson,Geeta J. Narlikar
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.tcb.2014.01.002
摘要
•HP1 proteins play diverse roles in vivo. •Functional versatility can arise from small sequence differences between HP1 paralogs. •Functional versatility may arise from conformational flexibility of an HP1 protein. Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) proteins were originally identified as critical components in heterochromatin-mediated gene silencing and are now recognized to play essential roles in several other processes including gene activation. Several eukaryotes possess more than one HP1 paralog. Despite high sequence conservation, the HP1 paralogs achieve diverse functions. Further, in many cases, the same HP1 paralog is implicated in multiple functions. Recent biochemical studies have revealed interesting paralog-specific biophysical differences and unanticipated conformational versatility in HP1 proteins that may account for this functional promiscuity. Here we review these findings and describe a molecular framework that aims to link the conformational flexibility of HP1 proteins observed in vitro with their functional promiscuity observed in vivo. Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) proteins were originally identified as critical components in heterochromatin-mediated gene silencing and are now recognized to play essential roles in several other processes including gene activation. Several eukaryotes possess more than one HP1 paralog. Despite high sequence conservation, the HP1 paralogs achieve diverse functions. Further, in many cases, the same HP1 paralog is implicated in multiple functions. Recent biochemical studies have revealed interesting paralog-specific biophysical differences and unanticipated conformational versatility in HP1 proteins that may account for this functional promiscuity. Here we review these findings and describe a molecular framework that aims to link the conformational flexibility of HP1 proteins observed in vitro with their functional promiscuity observed in vivo.
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