Impact of ketogenic diet on cardiovascular disease

Abstract Objectives A comprehensive review of the current literature was conducted to summarize the potential therapeutic and management roles of ketogenic diet (KD) for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Background Consensus has not been reached on the optimal diet for individuals with cardiovascular risk factors. KDs are characterized by high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and appropriate protein content, and have gained popularity in recent years in the management of various conditions, including cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Methods Original research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses available in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were reviewed. Results The current body of preclinical and clinical evidence on the efficacy of KD in the management of CVD remains limited. Specific applications of KD seem to suggest a positive impact on management of CVD. However, conflicting results and a lack of precise molecular and biochemical mechanisms of action provide ample opportunity for future investigation. Conclusion More multidisciplinary studies are needed to determine the true clinical benefit of KD in the management of CVD and so justify its expanded clinical use.