Layered Double Hydroxides as Building Blocks for Precise Catalysis

reduction), selective hydrogenation, direct and oxidative dehydrogenation, and syngas conversion. Across these reactions, LDH-derived systems offer enhanced activity, selectivity, and stability by tailoring active site geometry, electronic structure, and interfacial properties. This review summarizes the advances in synthesis, structure-function relationships, and catalytic applications of LDH-based catalysts. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in understanding transformation mechanisms, capturing dynamic active sites under working conditions, and establishing predictive design rules. Future efforts combining operando spectroscopy, theory, and data-driven approaches are expected to unlock the full potential of LDH-derived materials for precise catalysis in sustainable energy and chemical transformations.